On December 1, 2020, the United Liberation Movement for West Papua has announced it is forming a ‘Provisional Government’ of West Papua.

The reason why they make that move is hoping to achieve a self-determination referendum in West Papua and independence from Indonesia.

The Movement’s chairman Benny Wenda, the formation of an administration is a direct rejection of Jakarta’s plans to extend ‘Special Autonomy’ provisions in West Papua.

Special autonomy was granted almost twenty years ago in response to growing Papuan demands for independence. The provisions, due to expire next year, have been widely deemed by Papuans to have failed to adequately empower them to run their own affairs.

As information, violent conflict continues to plague the Papuan provinces, while West Papuans voicing independence aspirations are routinely arrested amid ongoing human rights abuses.

Wenda will be the provisional government’s interim president, with the rest of his cabinet to be unveiled in the coming months.

He said the new government-in-waiting aimed to mobilize West Papuans to achieve an independence referendum “after which it will take control of the territory and organize democratic elections”.

Wenda said that Indonesian repression currently rendered elections impossible. But in contrast, Indonesian officials say West Papuans already freely participate in elections in the republic democratic system.

Wenda said that the new Provisional Constitution for West Papua centred on environmental protection, social justice, gender equality and religious freedom. The rights of Indonesian migrants living in West Papua would also be protected.

“The Constitution establishes a governance structure, including the formation of a Congress, Senate and judicial branch,” Wenda said in a statement.

He added that the West Papua provisional government is supported by all liberation groups inside West Papua, “representing the overwhelming majority of the people”.

The United Liberation Movement for West Papua is already part of the Melanesian Spearhead Group of countries and territories, which Indonesia is also a part of, although neither as full members.

However despite being recognised regionally in the Pacific and by numerous counties in the African Caribbean and Pacific grouping, the Movement has a strained relationship with Jakarta which doesn’t accept that it has a right to represent Papuans.

n making the announcement, the UK-based Wenda said that on behalf of the people of West Papua, the “Provisional Government confirms its right to make a Unilateral Declaration of Independence at an appropriate time”.

“Today, we honor and recognize all our forefathers who fought and died for us by finally establishing a united government-in waiting. Embodying the spirit of the people of West Papua, we are ready to run our country.

“As laid out in our Provisional Constitution, a future Republic of West Papua will be the world’s first Green State, and a beacon of human rights – the opposite of decades of bloody Indonesian colonization.”

Meanwhile, a spokesperson for Indonesia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Teuku Faizasyah, said the United Liberation Movement for West Papua’s move to form a provisional government was illegitimate.

He told the ABC that the Papua region’s incorporation into Indonesia as the successor state of the Netherland East Indies was final.